A three-dimensional model of a foot, used to physically stretch the shoes to fit, in the construction process.
Variety of shapes used to accommodate differing foot types. Related to the height of the arch; high-arched feet -- curved last, low-arched feet -- straight last. These fall into categories of: straight, semi-straight, slightly curved, semi-curved, and curved, though there is no defined parameter for the distinction between shapes.
One of the most important operations in shoemaking. It is the shaping or molding of the upper tightly to the contours of the last.
The dressed or tanned hide of an animal, usually with the hair removed. Any of various articles or parts made of dressed or tanned hide, such as a boot or strap.
Very fine quality (through extreme monitoring) Ethylene Vinyl Acetate foam that is lighter and more durable than lesser forms. (adidas - though not proprietary).
The perforated pattern punched in the center of the tip of many styles of shoes.
Denser CM-EVA foam, TPU device, or combinations of the two, on the inside edge of the shoe to curb pronation.
The middle layer of a sole, as of an athletic shoe, often designed to disperse weight or provide stability to the foot.
Full-foot dynamic ventilation system that expels hot, humid air from the shoe (Mizuno).
A soft leather slipper traditionally worn by certain Native American peoples. Also low-cut slip-on leather shoes made to imitate traditional moccasins. Sometimes called a loafer.
ILicensed process of Injection-molded mixture of rubber and EVA that eliminates the need for separate midsole/outsole pieces (Polo).
A backless shoe or slipper with or without a heel.
IHigh-abrasion rubber (New Balance).
Pressurized air pads (some with varied air pressure) to absorb shock of impact (Nike).
Nitrogen-impregnated CM-EVA sockliner to absorb shock (Ryka).
Use of nitrogen-impregnated rubber pad above the CM-EVA to absorb shock (Ryka).
An aniline-dyed leather with its finished surface buffed to a slight nap or suede-like appearance.
Extended Ghilly lace system (Merrell).
The bottom sole of a shoe which is exposed to wear.
